Brief recommendations on rope storage, mounting and application
The preservation of form and structure the rope has got after manufacture and its protection against mechanical and corrosive injuries are the main tasks of rope maintenance in its application conditions. It stipulates the observance of the following recommendations on rope storage, mounting and application.
Steel ropes are delivered on wooden drums according to GOST 11127-78 or on metal drums according to the technical documentation of the plant. It can be allowed to deliver ropes, which weight makes up to 400 kg in coils with the external diameter - not more than 1200 mm, the coil height - not more than 800 mm, at that the internal diameter of the coil must make not less than 15 nominal rope diameters.
Ropes which are to be delivered to the Extreme North Regions and ropes which are transported by sea are packed up according to GOST 15846-79 "The Produce being sent to the Extreme North Regions and regions difficult of access. Package, Marking, Transportation and Storage."
Rope Storage - according to Storage Group A2 GOST 15150-69. During the storage of ropes winded on drums the drum axle must be parallel to the floor on which the drum itself is placed. The ropes received for storage must be immediately examined and all the bare spots the rope has got after transportation and cargo handling must be lubricated with the special cable compound. Within the long-term storage the external layer of ropes must be examined and lubricated with the cable compound at regular intervals - every 6 months.
If there is required a testing of rope, the user must have the rope end strongly strapped in accordance with par. 2.10 GOST 3241-80. Ropes must be cut off with a disk power saw. Ropes with a metal core and ropes of closed construction can be cut off by means of electric welding, the butt-end of a rope must be simultaneously founded.
Keeping the rope twisted is the main requirement during the rope mounting. For that it is necessary to put the drum with rope on the unwinding machine in such a way, so that the drum axle would be in a level position. The rope end which is being winded must go down from above or from bellow of the drum, which must be braked from time to time during the rope winding. The distance between the drums must be not less than 300 diameters of the rope. While being mounted the rope must undergo a minimum number of bendings, especially reversed ones.
RIGHT
WRONG
Recommended Ways of Rope Rewind.
Generally, destruction of rope wires is a result of corrosion-fatigue phenomena in metal, the smaller the ratio between the diameters of rope and coiling bodies is, the faster the distraction comes. Individual recommendations on the choice of a drum diameter for still ropes of various design are given in the table.
Enormous nominal pressure of groove surface of blocks and drums on the rope wires is the main reason for wire abrasion during rope application. Non-fettled blocks are recommended to be produced of hard steel. On purpose mounts ropes must be operated on fettled blocks. Usage of soft covering material provides increased surface contact area of a rope and of a block, what makes for increasing of the rope's life time. As covering material there can be used oak, cast rubber, gang rubber, transporting belts and plastic materials.
Table 1
| Drum diameter for ropes of various construction | ||||
| Rope construction | GOST | Type of rope | The ratio of drum diameter to the rope diameter | |
| recommended | minimum permissible | |||
| 6 x 19 (1 + 6 + 6/6) + 1 FC | 2688-80 | ЛК-Р | 32 | 27 |
| 6 x 19 (1 + 9 + 9) + 1 FC | 3077-80 | ЛК-0 | 36 | 31 |
| 6 x 25 (1+6+6;6+12)+1 FC | 7665-80 | ЛК-3 | 41 | 26 |
| б x 31(1+6+6/6+12)+1 FC | 16853-88 | ЛК-РО | 40 | 23 |
| 6 x 36 (1 + 7 + 7/7 + 14) + 1 FC | 7668-80 | A-PO | 28 | 22 |
| б x 37(1+6+15+15)+1 FC | 3079-80 | DLC-0 | 27 | 22 |
| 6 x 7 (1+ 6) + 1 FC | 3069-80 | ЛК-0 | 70 | 40 |
| 6 x 7 (1+6)+1х7 (1+6) | 3066-80 | ЛК-0 | 75 | 44 |
| 6 x 19 (1+6+6/6)+7х7 (1+6) | 14954-80 | ЛК-P | 34 | 29 |
| б x 25 (1+6;6+12)+7х7(1+6) | 7667-80 | ЛК-3 | 42 | 28 |
| 6 x 31 (1 + 6 + 6/6 + 12) + 7х7 (1 + 6) | 16853-88 | ЛК-PO | 41 | 25 |
| 6 x 36 (1 + 7 + 7/7 + 14) + 7х7 (1 + 6) | 7669-80 | ЛК-PO | 35 | 23 |
| 6 x 30 (0+15+15)+7 FC | 3083-80 | ЛК-0 | 40 | 28 |
| 6 х 30 (6 + 12 + 12)+1 FC | 3085-80 | Trihedral-strand | 72 | 42 |
| 6 х19 (1 + 9 + 9) + 7х7 (1 + 6) | 3081-80 | ЛК-0 | 42 | 37 |
| 6 x l9(l+6+12)+l FC. | 3070-88 | ТК | 34 | 29 |
| 6 x 37(l+6+12+18)+l FC | 3071-88 | ТК | 21 | 18 |
| 6 x 19 (1 + 6 + 12) + 1х19 (1 + 6 + 12) | 3067-88 | ТК | 40 | 34 |
| 6 x 37(1+6+12+18)+1 х 37(1+6+12+18) | 3068-88 | ТК | 25 | 21 |
The following recommended ratios of the block profile are given taking into account maximum deviations of a rope diameter and its shortening during the rope tension.
R=(0,52/53)dk;
h/dk=1,6+2,0
R — the block flute diameter;
dk — rope diameter;
h — block chute depth.
In order to decrease rope twisting and rope friction on the block ledges angle of deviation must not exceed 1°30'.
Regular lubrication of ropes during their application usefully increases their service life. Lubrication protects ropes against corrosion and decreases its abrasion on blocks and drums. Ropes are to be lubricated all along the section when being manufactured and grease is to be placed as a continuous film of 0,1 mm width during rope application. Torsiol-55, GOST 20458-75, torsiol-35, BOZ-1 according to the technical recommendation can be used as rope grease. Grease temperature before lubrication must be 80—100°С. Before lubrication the rope is to be cleaned from old grease and dirt by any means. One of the most simple ways is cleaning with the help of steel brushes and cotton ends.
Krivoy Rog Mining Institute has worked out a rope cleaning device designed for cleaning ropes from old grease (USSR # 1209555); The body of that device has energy feeder chamber that communicates with the low-pressure chamber. Under discharging there come separation and degreasing.
